Anglo Saxon History Home Background Landscape Changing Landscape and Language Sea Levels in AD400(Pevensey) Sea Levels in AD400(The Wash) Sea level changes last 2000 years Andredsweald and Anderida Where are the Roman Roads History of the Romney Marsh The Great Storm 1287AD List of Landscape Documents Local The Haestingas The Cinque Ports 914AD Alfred the Great's fort in Hastings Battle Museum Battle History Society Villagenet Local Gazeteer World War 2 Tank database Simon the Piman(Raspberry Pi) Romans First Invasion 55BC Second Invasion 43AD Roman roads in Britannia Ptolemy Geographica Tribes MAP-Margary Roman Roads MAP-Roman Roads South East MAP-Roman Roads South West MAP-Roman Roads Wales MAP-Roman Roads South Midlands MAP-Roman Roads South Yorkshire MAP-Roman Locations Norfolk MAP-Roman Locations Essex MAP-Wealden Roads/Bloomeries Wealden Bloomeries 1st Century Wealden Bloomeries 2nd Century Wealden Bloomeries 3rd Century Wealden Bloomeries 4th Century MAP-Antonine Itinery I Roman Industry in the Brede Valley Decline in Roman Wealden Ironworking The Gallic Empire 260AD - 274AD Types of Roman Fortification List of Roman Documents Saxon Chronicles 449AD Hengest & Horsa arrive 455AD Hengest & Horsa defeat Wurtgern 457AD Hengest & Horsa take over Kent 460AD Hæstinga Saxons arrive 477AD Cymensora 485AD Suth Saxons Mercredesburnan 491AD Suth Saxons Pevensey 914AD Burghal Hideage Locations - 449AD Ebbsfleet Locations - 455AD Agelesþrep Locations - 485AD Mearcredesburnan Stede Locations - 914AD Eorpeburnan List of Saxon Chronicles Documents 1066 Battle Documentary Evidence Available Documents  1 Anglo Saxon Chronicles  2 Battle Abbey Chronicles  3 Bayeux Tapestry  4 Carmen Guy d'Amiens  5 Florence of Worcester  6 Henry of Huntingdon  7 Master Wace  8 Orderic Vitalis(Gesta)  9 William of Jumièges(Gesta) 10 William of Malmesbury 11 Quedam Exceptiones Reference to Locations Phases of the Events Phases 1066AD  1 Background 1066AD  2 In Normandy 1066AD  3 Channel Crossing 1066AD  4 The Landing 1066AD  5 Feast after Landing 1066AD  6 Building the Forts 1066AD  7 Raiding the Area 1066AD  8 Warning to Harold 1066AD  9 Stamford Bridge 1066AD 10 Harold returns to London 1066AD 11 William is Alerted 1066AD 12 Exchange of Messages 1066AD 13 Defenses 1066AD 14 Harold Reconnoitres 1066AD 15 Preparations 1066AD 16 The Night Before 1066AD 17 The Battle 1066AD 18 Harold is Killed 1066AD 19 The English Rout 1066AD 20 After the Battle 1066AD 21 The Malfosse Warriors, Weapons & Snippets Saxon - Huscarl Saxon - Fyrd(Fyrð) Senlac Hill The Malfosse The Hoar Apple Tree The Shield Wall Salt Production near Hastings The Battle of Jengland 851AD William's Ship List Norman/Viking Ships and stuff Norman bows and crossbows Harold was NOT killed by an arrow The Time Team view of the Battle 1066AD Landscape Details 1066AD Sailing from Normandy 1066AD Norman Landing 1066AD Possible Fort 1066AD to Pevensey and Hastings 1066AD Manors Wasted 1066AD Manors All 1066AD Warning to Harold 1066AD Harold to Hastings  List of 1066AD Documents List of 1066AD Weapons 1086AD Domesday Boundary of Anderida Domesday Hursts Post Domesday Hursts Domesday Manors Wasted UK Norfolk Salt Production Salt Production near Hastings The Wash at 1086 The Humber estuary at 1086 Domesday County details B Bedfordshire Domesday Population Berkshire Domesday Population Buckinghamshire Domesday Population Domesday County details C Cambridgeshire Domesday Population Cheshire Domesday Population Cornwall Domesday Population Domesday County details D Derbyshire Domesday Population Devon Domesday Population Dorset Domesday Population Domesday County details E Essex Domesday Population Domesday County details G Gloucestershire Domesday Population Domesday County details H Hampshire Domesday Population Herefordshire Domesday Population Hertfordshire Domesday Population Huntingdonshire Domesday Population Domesday County details K Kent Domesday Population Domesday County details L Leicestershire Domesday Population Lincolnshire Domesday Population Domesday County details M Middlesex Domesday Population Domesday County details N Norfolk Domesday Population Northamptonshire Domesday Population Nottinghamshire Domesday Population Domesday County details O Oxfordshire Domesday Population Domesday County details R Rutland Domesday Population Domesday County details S Shropshire Domesday Population Somerset Domesday Population Staffordshire Domesday Population Suffolk Domesday Population Surrey Domesday Population Sussex Domesday Population Domesday County details W Warwickshire Domesday Population Wiltshire Domesday Population Worcestershire Domesday Population Domesday County details Y Yorkshire Domesday Population Place names Translate my Location Celtic name snippets Jutish name snippets Roman name snippets Saxon name snippets Viking name snippets Norman name snippets Modern name snippets Villages containing EY/EYE/SEA Villages containing HAM Villages containing TON Villages containing CASTLE Sussex Locations with ING Domesday Sussex with ING Kent Locations with ING Sussex Locations with HURST Loads of Village Translations Res Ælle, Cymen, Wlenca and Cissa - conquest of West Sussex Ælle, Cymen, Wlenca and Cissa land at Cymensora which means Cymens Shore and settle there on the valley floor in a hamm, so the place becomes Cymens ora hamm which over time reduces to Shoreham. They defeat the Welsh on landing who flee along the old roman road from Portslade to Hurstpierpoint and then continue their flight into Andredsweald on the same Roman road. Anglo Saxon Chronicles - 477AD - Cymensora (Ælle,Cymen, Wlenca and Cissa ) The Saxons then appear to head westward, most probably to take Chichester, but have a battle at Mearcrædesburnan stæðe which is most likely Binsted in West Sussex, and then take Chichester. Anglo Saxon Chronicles - 485AD - Mearcrædesburnan stæðe (Ælle,Cymen, Wlenca and Cissa ) Now they hold the old Roman fort in Chichester to the West they head eastwards to take the remaining land and Roman fortress in Pevensey, where they slaughter all the inhabitants. Anglo Saxon Chronicles - 491AD - Anderida (Ælle,Cymen, Wlenca and Cissa) At this point there are no more references to eastward expansion, so it is logical to assume they had reached the borders of the Haestingas, who were another Saxon tribe and who must have landed prior to 477AD, but most likely after about 449AD when it was reported that 'Henghest and Horsa then sent to the Angles, and desired them to send more assistance. They described the worthlessness of the Britons, and the richness of the land. Then came the men from three powers of Germany; the Old Saxons, the Angles, and the Jutes.' The only other reference to Ælle in the Chronicles is: 560AD This year Ceawlin undertook the government of the West-Saxons; and Ælle, on the death of Ida, that of the Northumbrians; each of whom reigned thirty winters. 588AD This year died King Ælle ; and Ethelric reigned after him five years. There are no other references to Ælle, Cymen, Wlenca or Cissa after 588AD. Map showing the Battles of Ælle, Cymen, Wlenca and Cissa   Map generated using Google My Maps 2024 - showing the Landscape, modern Counties and sea in 455AD Please Note: this map is my interpretation of the Anglo Saxon Chronicles entries relating to Ælle, Cymen, Wlenca and Cissa and their take over of Sussex, the thick purple line shows the modern Sussex boundary. The kingdom of the Suth Saxons and that of the Haestingas are shaded in purple, the great Forest of Andredsweald is shaded in green. The logic for the coastal changes and the Forest of Andredsweald can be viewed on the following pages: Roman Roads in Britain The Great Forest of Andredsweald - Anglo Saxon Chronicles Landscape - Was the sea level in Saxon times at Pevensey 4 to 5 metres higher ? Was the high tide in Saxon times 5 metres higher ? - the Wash Landscape - The History of the Romney Marsh in maps(Pre-Roman to Modern times) Roman Locations that have not been identified and roads that just terminate   Conclusion The above timeline is valid according to the Anglo Saxon Chronicles, however the description of the events is my interpretation of the Chronicles, please read the individual links to see if you agree with this. Copyright saxonhistory.co.uk 2013 - 2024 Contact Simon Author Simon M - Last updated - 2024-10-12 06:10:00 All pages on our site (Sitemap)