Anglo Saxon History Home Background Landscape Changing Landscape and Language Sea Levels in AD400(Pevensey) Sea Levels in AD400(The Wash) Sea level changes last 2000 years Andredsweald and Anderida Where are the Roman Roads History of the Romney Marsh The Great Storm 1287AD List of Landscape Documents Local The Haestingas The Cinque Ports 914AD Alfred the Great's fort in Hastings Battle Museum Battle History Society Villagenet Local Gazeteer World War 2 Tank database Simon the Piman(Raspberry Pi) Tourist Guides for the area Romans First Invasion 55BC Second Invasion 43AD Roman roads in Britannia Ptolemy Geographica Tribes MAP-Margary Roman Roads MAP-Roman Roads South East MAP-Roman Roads South West MAP-Roman Roads Wales MAP-Roman Roads South Midlands MAP-Roman Roads South Yorkshire MAP-Roman Locations Norfolk MAP-Roman Locations Essex MAP-Wealden Roads/Bloomeries Wealden Bloomeries 1st Century Wealden Bloomeries 2nd Century Wealden Bloomeries 3rd Century Wealden Bloomeries 4th Century MAP-Antonine Itinery I Roman Industry in the Brede Valley Decline in Roman Wealden Ironworking The Gallic Empire 260AD - 274AD Types of Roman Fortification List of Roman Documents Saxon Chronicles 449AD Hengest & Horsa arrive 455AD Hengest & Horsa defeat Wurtgern 457AD Hengest & Horsa take over Kent 460AD Hæstinga Saxons arrive 477AD Cymensora 485AD Suth Saxons Mercredesburnan 491AD Suth Saxons Pevensey 914AD Burghal Hideage Locations - 449AD Ebbsfleet Locations - 455AD Agelesþrep Locations - 485AD Mearcredesburnan Stede Locations - 914AD Eorpeburnan List of Saxon Chronicles Documents 1066 Battle Documentary Evidence Available Documents  1 Anglo Saxon Chronicles  2 Battle Abbey Chronicles  3 Bayeux Tapestry  4 Carmen Guy d'Amiens  5 Florence of Worcester  6 Henry of Huntingdon  7 Master Wace  8 Orderic Vitalis(Gesta)  9 William of Jumièges(Gesta) 10 William of Malmesbury 11 Quedam Exceptiones Reference to Locations Phases of the Events Phases 1066AD  1 Background 1066AD  2 In Normandy 1066AD  3 Channel Crossing 1066AD  4 The Landing 1066AD  5 Feast after Landing 1066AD  6 Building the Forts 1066AD  7 Raiding the Area 1066AD  8 Warning to Harold 1066AD  9 Stamford Bridge 1066AD 10 Harold returns to London 1066AD 11 William is Alerted 1066AD 12 Exchange of Messages 1066AD 13 Defenses 1066AD 14 Harold Reconnoitres 1066AD 15 Preparations 1066AD 16 The Night Before 1066AD 17 The Battle 1066AD 18 Harold is Killed 1066AD 19 The English Rout 1066AD 20 After the Battle 1066AD 21 The Malfosse Warriors, Weapons & Snippets Saxon - Huscarl Saxon - Fyrd(Fyrð) Senlac Hill The Malfosse The Hoar Apple Tree The Shield Wall Salt Production near Hastings The Battle of Jengland 851AD William's Ship List Norman/Viking Ships and stuff Norman bows and crossbows Harold was NOT killed by an arrow The Time Team view of the Battle 1066AD Landscape Details 1066AD Sailing from Normandy 1066AD Norman Landing 1066AD Possible Fort 1066AD to Pevensey and Hastings 1066AD Manors Wasted 1066AD Manors All 1066AD Warning to Harold 1066AD Harold to Hastings  List of 1066AD Documents List of 1066AD Weapons 1086AD Domesday Boundary of Anderida Domesday Hursts Post Domesday Hursts Domesday Manors Wasted UK Norfolk Salt Production Salt Production near Hastings The Wash at 1086 The Humber estuary at 1086 Domesday County details B Bedfordshire Domesday Population Berkshire Domesday Population Buckinghamshire Domesday Population Domesday County details C Cambridgeshire Domesday Population Cheshire Domesday Population Cornwall Domesday Population Domesday County details D Derbyshire Domesday Population Devon Domesday Population Dorset Domesday Population Domesday County details E Essex Domesday Population Domesday County details G Gloucestershire Domesday Population Domesday County details H Hampshire Domesday Population Herefordshire Domesday Population Hertfordshire Domesday Population Huntingdonshire Domesday Population Domesday County details K Kent Domesday Population Domesday County details L Leicestershire Domesday Population Lincolnshire Domesday Population Domesday County details M Middlesex Domesday Population Domesday County details N Norfolk Domesday Population Northamptonshire Domesday Population Nottinghamshire Domesday Population Domesday County details O Oxfordshire Domesday Population Domesday County details R Rutland Domesday Population Domesday County details S Shropshire Domesday Population Somerset Domesday Population Staffordshire Domesday Population Suffolk Domesday Population Surrey Domesday Population Sussex Domesday Population Domesday County details W Warwickshire Domesday Population Wiltshire Domesday Population Worcestershire Domesday Population Domesday County details Y Yorkshire Domesday Population Place names Translate my Location Celtic name snippets Jutish name snippets Roman name snippets Saxon name snippets Viking name snippets Norman name snippets Modern name snippets Villages containing EY/EYE/SEA Villages containing HAM Villages containing TON Villages containing CASTLE Sussex Locations with ING Domesday Sussex with ING Kent Locations with ING Sussex Locations with HURST Loads of Village Translations Res The Roman Gallic Empire 260AD - 274AD     The Gallic Empire   From Wikipedia The Gallic Empire or the Gallic Roman Empire are names used in modern historiography for a breakaway part of the Roman Empire that functioned de facto as a separate state from 260AD to 274AD. It originated during the Crisis of the Third Century, when a series of Roman military leaders and aristocrats declared themselves emperors and took control of Gaul and adjacent provinces without attempting to conquer Italy or otherwise seize the central Roman administrative apparatus. The Gallic Empire was established by Postumus in 260AD in the wake of barbarian invasions and instability in Rome, and at its height included the territories of Germania, Gaul, Britannia, and (for a time) Hispania. After Postumus' assassination in 269AD it lost much of its territory, but continued under a number of emperors and usurpers. It was retaken by Roman emperor Aurelian after the Battle of Châlons in 274AD. Capital Colonia Agrippina (Cologne) (260–271) Augusta Treverorum (Trier) (271–274)[1] Emperor (see empire map below) 260AD–269AD - Postumus (united Gaul, Britannia and Hispania) 269AD             - Marius (only survived for a month or so) 269AD–270AD - Victorinus (Hispania support lost after Postumus's death) 270AD–274AD - Tetricus I (empire consisted of Gaul and Britannia)   Areas Controlled by the Gallic Empire   This map is a modified version from Wikipedia - Wikipedia Gallic_Empire   The End of the Gallic Empire The Battle of Châlons was fought between the Roman Empire commanded by Emperor Aurelian and the breakaway army of Tetricus which was made up of Legionaries from the Rhine Army who were defending the Limes(defensive wall) in Germany. The Battle was fought by Aurelians army of about 35,000 legionaries, 15,000 archers and slingers and 5,000 cavalry and Tetricus army of possibly 60,000 to 90,000 men. Aurelians troops although smaller in number were better trained as they were fighting legions, wheras Tetricus troops were garrison troops who had been defending the German Limes(Roman border on the Rhine) and were not used to direct battles. Aurelian won and slaughtered the troops of Tetricus, the casualties were vast and although Aurelian lost 6,000 men, Tetricus lost over 50,000 of the Rhine army. Effect of the Battle The Battle had a major effect on the Roman defences on the Rhine, as a large number of the garrison troops had been lost, this made Aurelian's job controlling the area much harder as he had to replace these troops in a short space of time. This in turn left the Rhine frontier dangerously defenseless and exposed to the invasions of Franks and Alemans. The shortage of 50,000 garrison troops probably led to increased taxation and conscription in the tribal Belgae area of modern Belgium. This weakened the Roman control of Gaul and the lower Rhine which in turn created more unsettled political conditions leading to the revolt by the Bagaudae in northern Gaul, Carausius's rise to power and the subsequent temporary loss of control of Brittania by Rome.   Recommended Reading Recommended Books (these are books I use for reference) Title/Author Title/Author An Atlas of Roman Britain Barri Jones & David Mattingly   Roman Ways in the Weald Ivan D Margary The fall of the West Adrian Goldsworthy   Roman Towns in Britain Guy de la Bedoyere Romans in Britain Rodney Legg   Hadrian's Wall in the Days of the Romans Roderick Embleton and Frank Graham Roman Roads of Sussex Alex Vincent   The Roman Forts of the Saxon Shore Leonard Cottrell The Roman Forts of the Saxon Shore Stephen Johnson   Outposts of the Roman Empire David Gurney Roman Britain's Pirate King Simon Elliott   CL:BR Dana S Adler Hadrian's Wall Path Anthony Burton   Roman Roads in Britain book 1 Ivan D Margary Roman Roads in Britain book 2 Ivan D Margary   Vindolanda Guide Andrew Birley Atlas of the Roman World Tim Cornell and John Matthews (As an Amazon Associate, I may earn from qualifying purchases) Copyright saxonhistory.co.uk 2013 - 2025 Contact Simon Author Simon M - Last updated - 2025-05-03 16:18:12 All pages on our site (Sitemap)